Electric signaling and alarm apparatus



(No Model.)

W. L. DENIO.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING AND ALARM APPARATUS. No. 397,838. Patented Feb. 12,1889.

WITNESSES, L/VVEJV'TOR, zgfluahzpa/zz 2 M A; flttorney UNITED STATESPATENT \VILLIAM LIVIXGS"ON DENIO, OF ROCHESTER, NEIY YORK.

ELECTRIC SlGNALl-NG AND ALARM APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,838, dated February12, 1889.

Application filed December 1, 1887- Serial No. 256,653. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, \VILLIAM LIVINGSTON at Rochester, in the county ofMonroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Signaling and Alarm Apparatus; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an automatic firealarm in which the meltin of aseal fusible at a detinite temperature higher than normal will changethe connections of an electric circuit, so as to transmit analarm-signal to some point or station from which preventive measures maymost speedilyan d certainly proceed.

The object of the invention is to produce a fusible seal which, inaddition to its capability for use in new plants whereany desiredarrangement of wiring may be adopted, willbe adapted for use in existingsystems without alteration of the connectionsas, for example, in hotels,where an annunciator is already in use, and it is desirable to have afire-detective which may be attached to the circuitclosers orpush-buttons in the various rooms 1 without difflculty.

To these ends my invention consists in a heat-detector adapted to beused in the ordi- I nary push-button in lieu of the push com- In puttingmy invention into practice I a make a barrel, 5, of metal or othersuitable re- DENIO, a citizen of the United States, residing sistingmaterial, the integrity of which will not be affected by moderate heat,with an internal flange, 9, near its one end and an external nals orelectrodes 3 l.

monly used therein, which serves the dual j purpose of acting as thepush or button and of automatically turning in an alarm on the outbreakof a tire or a detinitc rise in temper ature.

My invention embodies, also, certain feadefinitely indicated in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which illusl 3 spring-electrode.

flange, 12, and internal rabbet in said flange at the other end. Aspiral spring is placed in the barrel and seated against the flange 9. Apin, 7, is then thrust through the spring. The pin is provided with ahead, 11, of sufficient diameter to enter the rabbet in theexternallyflanged end of the barrel, and the pin is sufficiently long toproject partially or entirely through the orifice in the internalflange, 9,01. the barrel. The spring, of course, must be 01' sufficientlength to be under compression when nested in the barrel. \Yhen theparts have been assembled, the pin 7 is secured in place by soldering tothe barrel and flange, as shown at- 8, Figs. 9 and l. The solder I usefor this purpose is one which will fuse at a comparatively lowtemperatureat 160 Fahrenheit, for instance. By varying its compositionit may be made to fuse at a higheror lower temperature, as is wellunderstood in the art. The detector is then completed, and may besupported in position in suitable relation to any pair ofcircnit-terminals. In Figs. 2 and 1: it is shown mounted in the ordinarypush-button. These buttons, as shown in Fig. 1, consist of a base, 1,provided with circuit termi- Over the base fits a screwcap, 2, which isprovided with a flaring orifice, in which a flanged porcelain knob isplaced, the flange of the knob being wider than the orifice and restingon the upper Such circuit-closers are in use in thousands of existingplants in hotels tures of structure, which will be fully de i scribed inthe accompanying specification, and

I break of a fire.

and other large buildings. By unscrewing the cap 2, removing theporcelain knob, and sub i stituting for it my detector-I capaeitate sucha circuitcloser for giving an alarm on the out \Vhen the air of any roomin which the change has been made reaches a predetermined temperature,the alloy melts and releases the pin 7, which is forced out of thebarrel by the expansion of the spring 6. The terminals or electrodes 3and l are thus brought into contact and the alarm transmitted to acentral station, where measures can immediately be adopted forextinguishing the tire.

The device is applicable, also, to closed circuits, in which case theflange rests upon the lower spring, as shown in Fig. at.

The detector may of course be used elsewhere than at a push-button. Itmay be inserted at any part of? an electric circuit, being supportedover one of the terminals, so as to force it away from or intoengagement with the other terminal, accordingly as the system is closedor open circuit in character.

Having thus described my in ventionavhat I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

.l. A button for eircuit-changcrs laterally extended at one end andcontaining a spring, a finger pressed by said spring, and a fusible sealnormally holding the finger against the tension of the spring.

2. A perforated button for push-buttons flanged at one end andcontaining a-spring and a finger pressed by said spring, said fingerbeing held under tension by a fusible seal on the outer face of thebutton, whereby said button may be substituted for the customaryporcelain button and automatically transmit an alarm on a definite risein temperature.

3. In a fire-alarm or heat detector, the combination of a barrelinternally flanged at one end, a spring seated against said flange, apin within the barrel engaging the spring, and a fusible seal forholding said spring under tension, whereby on the outbreak of a tire theseal will melt and the pin will be thrust out of the barrel.

4. The combination, with circuit eleetrmles, oi the barrel 5, provided.with flange 9, spring ti, seated. in said barrel, said springs when freeextending out of the barrel, and pin 7, one end ol.- which engages thefree end of the spring, the other end being secured bya fusible seal tothe other end of the barrel,whereby on the outbreak of a tire the sealwill melt and the pin will be thrust out of the barrel and

